docker 使用

打包镜像

• save

  docker save -o nginx.tar nginx:1.18.0-alpine-perl

• load

  docker load --input nginx.tar

删除none镜像

在docker反复build后，会存留很多none镜像，下面命令一键删除所有none镜像

docker rmi `docker images | grep  '<none>' | awk '{print $3}'`

# 更简单方法
docker rmi `docker images -q -f dangling=true`
# 或
docker rmi $(docker images -q -f dangling=true)

更新已启动的容器的参数

docker update --restart=always <container>

删除容器

删除所有停止的容器，运行中的容器不会被删除

docker rm $(docker ps -a -q)

deploy.sh

#!/bin/bash

# @Author: YL
# @Date:   2021-11-23 15:52:30
# @Last Modified by:   YL
# @Last Modified time: 2024-06-19 08:36:19

IMAGE_NAME="镜像名"
IMAGE_VERSION=""

WARN_MSG="Usage params: \n      -v 镜像版本"

while getopts ":v:" opt
do
  case $opt in
    v)
      IMAGE_VERSION="$OPTARG"
      ;;
    ?)
      echo -e "${WARN_MSG}"
      ;;
  esac
done

if [ -z "${IMAGE_VERSION}" ]
then
   echo -e "${WARN_MSG}"
   exit 1
fi

# 要保留的版本数
KEEP_IMAGE_COUNT=5
echo "===>> ${IMAGE_NAME} 保留最新镜像个数:" ${KEEP_IMAGE_COUNT}

# 根据镜像名，查询使用中的镜像 Id
#docker ps --format "{{.Image}}" -f ancestor="${IMAGE_NAME}" | xargs -I {} docker images -q {}
#docker ps --format "{{.Image}}" -f name="${IMAGE_NAME}" | xargs -I {} docker images -q {}
IMAGE_IDS_IN_USED=$(docker ps --format "{{.Image}}" -f ancestor="${IMAGE_NAME}" | xargs -I {} docker images -q {})
echo "===>> ${IMAGE_NAME} 使用中的镜像:" ${IMAGE_IDS_IN_USED}

# 获取镜像的所有版本：排除使用中的镜像
IMAGE_IDS_NOT_IN_USED=""
if [ ! -z "${IMAGE_IDS_IN_USED}" ]
then
  # 排除使用中的镜像
  IMAGE_IDS_NOT_IN_USED=$(docker images ${IMAGE_NAME} --format "{{.ID}}\t{{.CreatedAt}}" | grep -vE "$(echo ${IMAGE_IDS_IN_USED} | tr ' ' '|')" | sort -k2 | awk '{print $1}')
else
  IMAGE_IDS_NOT_IN_USED=$(docker images ${IMAGE_NAME} --format "{{.ID}}\t{{.CreatedAt}}" | sort -k2 | awk '{print $1}')
fi
echo "===>> ${IMAGE_NAME} 未使用的镜像:" ${IMAGE_IDS_NOT_IN_USED}

if [ ! -z "${IMAGE_IDS_NOT_IN_USED}" ]
then
  # 除最新的 KEEP_IMAGE_COUNT 个镜像 Id 之外的镜像 Id
  IMAGE_IDS_BY_DELETE=$(echo ${IMAGE_IDS_NOT_IN_USED} | awk -v keep=${KEEP_IMAGE_COUNT} '{for(i=1; i<=NF-keep; i++) print $i}')
  echo "===>> ${IMAGE_NAME} 需要删除的镜像:" ${IMAGE_IDS_BY_DELETE}
  if [ ! -z "${IMAGE_IDS_BY_DELETE}" ]
  then
    docker rmi ${IMAGE_IDS_BY_DELETE}
  fi
fi

docker rmi ${IMAGE_NAME}:latest
docker tag ${IMAGE_NAME}:${IMAGE_VERSION} ${IMAGE_NAME}:latest
docker-compose down
docker-compose up -d